Which major kingdoms had control over the Angkor region originally? BY OLIVIA CRAUS
Oxford Big Ideas ; Geography & History Chp 8 Pgs 356-357
Information gathered from the text: (key) Brief Introduction The Funan kingdom The Chenla Kingdom
Before 802CE, when the Khmer Empire rose, seven Khmer kingdoms were all settled in the Angkor region. The two main kingdoms that had control over Angkor from 100 to 700CE (before the rise of the Khmer Empire), are referred to, in the modern day, as Funan and Chenla.
Ancient Chinese records (primary evidence) tell us that the Funan Kingdom settled along the Mekong River, in the Mekong Delta. The name ‘Funan’ originates from the Khmer word phnom, which translates ‘hill’ in English. Currently, no records have been found telling us what the ancient Khmer civilisation located in Funan, were officially called back in the day. Funan is located over both Cambodia and Vietnam on modern maps. Historians have found evidence suggesting that the Funan Kingdom was influenced by Indian culture. This is likely because Indian trading was highly developed at the time and their merchants travelled great distances. It has been theorised that the Indians brought both goods and culture/ philosophy/ religion to Angkor. It is likely that the people from Funan adapted to the beliefs and customs brought by the Indians. Historians officially refer to the Indian influencing as ‘Indianisation’. The Khmer society of Funan adopted Hinduism as their own and modified to make it their own. Funan’s high success and authority was mainly a result of ;their farming practices, that produced vast quantities of rice; and their ideal trading location, Oc Eo, which in on the Mekong River. Oc Eo’s importance faced a decline in the 4th century, due to the development of Chinese Sea routes, which meant that Chinese ships no longer stopped there. The decline in trade lead to loss of power in the Funan Kingdom, and then, around the same time, the kingdom of Chenla rose to power.
The kingdom of Chenla rose in the 6th century, because Funan merged into the one of its north.’ This kingdom was located relatively close to the Tonal Sap Lake. Historians think that the Chenla Kingdom was composed of at least two smaller kingdoms, the smaller kingdoms are ‘Water Chenla’ and ‘Land Chenla’, Water Chenla is said to have been located to the south, along the coastal parts, that used to be Funan. Land Chenla was based more inland toward the north, they grew through their strong economy on agricultural rice production. The Chenla Kingdom is said to have broken down into a number of competing smaller kingdoms during the 8th century. In 790CE Jayavarman || united the feuding kingdoms and he crowned himself Chakravartin in 802, which marked the official birth of the Khmer Empire.
What the text means:
-In summary, the Angkor region started with the Funan Kingdom, followed by the Chenla Kingdom, then broke up into feuding kingdoms, and then finally the kingdoms were united to form Khmer Empire.
-The Funan Empire was located in the ideal trading location, at the Mekong River, whilst the Chenla Kingdom was based in a better cultivation and agricultural spot.
-The changes of settlement happened gradually.
-If it wasn’t Jayavarman ||, the Khmer Empire would have probably never been created, and instead remain as numerous feuding kingdoms.
-Each of the kingdoms/empires had their own strengths and weaknesses.
-Angkor had numerous changes of settlement, just like most other places it the world.
Questions developed due to the text:
What leaders lead the Funan and Chenla Kingdoms to their successes? Was the land inherited by anyone else before the Funan Kingdom? Which Kingdom or Empire lasted the longest?
OPINION PIECE: In a nutshell, the Khmer Empire originated from the Funan Kingdom and the Chenla Kingdom. Jayavarman || was instrumental in the creation of the Khmer Empire because he was the one who merged feuding kingdoms into one large and powerful empire. The Funan Kingdom utilised the Mekong River for its trade routes and links and then the Chenla Kingdom used the fertile grounds for agriculture. It is evident that Jayavarman || took the strengths from both kingdoms to make the Khmer Empire as successful as it was. In today’s society, we develop and grow as a nation by learning from our mistakes and developing our strengths, just like how Jayaraman || used the strengths of two previous kingdoms, to create a bigger and better empire, to go down in history.
Picture Analysis : (Olivia Craus)
The image to the left is a map of where the kingdoms of Funan and Chenla were located. The Funan Kingdom is in light blue and is located towards the bottom, and is located net the the Mekong River. The Chenla Kingdom is highlighted in purple and is above the Funan Kingdom. It is located around the Tonal Sap Lake.
https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=map+of+
the+funan+kingdom+and+the+chenla
+kingdom&view=detailv2&&id=1D89ED6E86EAD6A
50C95AE7BA25B47F8ED9ABA66&selectedInde
x=0&ccid=ARQNUEVl&simid=608017626130025390&thid=OIP.M0
1140d50456581384d6b8a7e9737918eo0&ajaxhist=0
What did they do before the Khmer Empire rose? - ALYSSA MONTALVO
oxford pg 356
Before the Khmer Empire rose to power in around 802 ce, there were several groups of small Kingdoms with settlements across the angkor region. Most were located across the fertile Mekong River Delta and around a large freshwater lake known as tonle sap. The region was also home to a kingdom of malay people known as the cham who formed a kingdom to the east of the angkor known as champa. From around 100 to 700 ce, two major Khmer kingdoms gained control over differnt part sof the angor region. Today’s history refer to the first as funan and the secound as chenla. When Jayavarman II came to power in 802 AD, he further strengthened the power of the Khmer monarchy. He had declared himself a Devaraja, or god-king, in a ceremony performed by Hindu high priests. This meant that his authority to rule came from a divine source and that he himself was a god living on the Earth.Jayavarman II is recognised as the founder of the Khmer Empire. During his rule, he established a new capital at Mount Kulen in north-western Cambodia. Mount Kulen was regarded as sacred and Jayavarman II ordered the construction of a three-tiered temple on the mountain. Jayavarman II appointed a high priest and ordered that only the descendants of the family of his high priest were able to become high priests in the future. While we do not have reliable written records of the actions that Jayavarman II took to expand the Khmer Empire, we do know that after his death, the extent of the empire was quite large. As Jayavarman II's power grew, he felt increasingl secure and moved his capital city from Mount Kulen to Hariharalaya, near the great inland lake, Tonle Sap.
what the text means
- the empire has different to go throw before the empire started
-they have different people before it started
questions to the text
- why wasn't the empire was there all the time
-who was the new leader of the angkor empire
option piece
my option is that why did they have to do any thing before it started and how much they have to go throw before the empire rose.
Oxford Big Ideas ; Geography & History Chp 8 Pgs 356-357
Information gathered from the text: (key) Brief Introduction The Funan kingdom The Chenla Kingdom
Before 802CE, when the Khmer Empire rose, seven Khmer kingdoms were all settled in the Angkor region. The two main kingdoms that had control over Angkor from 100 to 700CE (before the rise of the Khmer Empire), are referred to, in the modern day, as Funan and Chenla.
Ancient Chinese records (primary evidence) tell us that the Funan Kingdom settled along the Mekong River, in the Mekong Delta. The name ‘Funan’ originates from the Khmer word phnom, which translates ‘hill’ in English. Currently, no records have been found telling us what the ancient Khmer civilisation located in Funan, were officially called back in the day. Funan is located over both Cambodia and Vietnam on modern maps. Historians have found evidence suggesting that the Funan Kingdom was influenced by Indian culture. This is likely because Indian trading was highly developed at the time and their merchants travelled great distances. It has been theorised that the Indians brought both goods and culture/ philosophy/ religion to Angkor. It is likely that the people from Funan adapted to the beliefs and customs brought by the Indians. Historians officially refer to the Indian influencing as ‘Indianisation’. The Khmer society of Funan adopted Hinduism as their own and modified to make it their own. Funan’s high success and authority was mainly a result of ;their farming practices, that produced vast quantities of rice; and their ideal trading location, Oc Eo, which in on the Mekong River. Oc Eo’s importance faced a decline in the 4th century, due to the development of Chinese Sea routes, which meant that Chinese ships no longer stopped there. The decline in trade lead to loss of power in the Funan Kingdom, and then, around the same time, the kingdom of Chenla rose to power.
The kingdom of Chenla rose in the 6th century, because Funan merged into the one of its north.’ This kingdom was located relatively close to the Tonal Sap Lake. Historians think that the Chenla Kingdom was composed of at least two smaller kingdoms, the smaller kingdoms are ‘Water Chenla’ and ‘Land Chenla’, Water Chenla is said to have been located to the south, along the coastal parts, that used to be Funan. Land Chenla was based more inland toward the north, they grew through their strong economy on agricultural rice production. The Chenla Kingdom is said to have broken down into a number of competing smaller kingdoms during the 8th century. In 790CE Jayavarman || united the feuding kingdoms and he crowned himself Chakravartin in 802, which marked the official birth of the Khmer Empire.
What the text means:
-In summary, the Angkor region started with the Funan Kingdom, followed by the Chenla Kingdom, then broke up into feuding kingdoms, and then finally the kingdoms were united to form Khmer Empire.
-The Funan Empire was located in the ideal trading location, at the Mekong River, whilst the Chenla Kingdom was based in a better cultivation and agricultural spot.
-The changes of settlement happened gradually.
-If it wasn’t Jayavarman ||, the Khmer Empire would have probably never been created, and instead remain as numerous feuding kingdoms.
-Each of the kingdoms/empires had their own strengths and weaknesses.
-Angkor had numerous changes of settlement, just like most other places it the world.
Questions developed due to the text:
What leaders lead the Funan and Chenla Kingdoms to their successes? Was the land inherited by anyone else before the Funan Kingdom? Which Kingdom or Empire lasted the longest?
OPINION PIECE: In a nutshell, the Khmer Empire originated from the Funan Kingdom and the Chenla Kingdom. Jayavarman || was instrumental in the creation of the Khmer Empire because he was the one who merged feuding kingdoms into one large and powerful empire. The Funan Kingdom utilised the Mekong River for its trade routes and links and then the Chenla Kingdom used the fertile grounds for agriculture. It is evident that Jayavarman || took the strengths from both kingdoms to make the Khmer Empire as successful as it was. In today’s society, we develop and grow as a nation by learning from our mistakes and developing our strengths, just like how Jayaraman || used the strengths of two previous kingdoms, to create a bigger and better empire, to go down in history.
Picture Analysis : (Olivia Craus)
The image to the left is a map of where the kingdoms of Funan and Chenla were located. The Funan Kingdom is in light blue and is located towards the bottom, and is located net the the Mekong River. The Chenla Kingdom is highlighted in purple and is above the Funan Kingdom. It is located around the Tonal Sap Lake.
https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=map+of+
the+funan+kingdom+and+the+chenla
+kingdom&view=detailv2&&id=1D89ED6E86EAD6A
50C95AE7BA25B47F8ED9ABA66&selectedInde
x=0&ccid=ARQNUEVl&simid=608017626130025390&thid=OIP.M0
1140d50456581384d6b8a7e9737918eo0&ajaxhist=0
What did they do before the Khmer Empire rose? - ALYSSA MONTALVO
oxford pg 356
Before the Khmer Empire rose to power in around 802 ce, there were several groups of small Kingdoms with settlements across the angkor region. Most were located across the fertile Mekong River Delta and around a large freshwater lake known as tonle sap. The region was also home to a kingdom of malay people known as the cham who formed a kingdom to the east of the angkor known as champa. From around 100 to 700 ce, two major Khmer kingdoms gained control over differnt part sof the angor region. Today’s history refer to the first as funan and the secound as chenla. When Jayavarman II came to power in 802 AD, he further strengthened the power of the Khmer monarchy. He had declared himself a Devaraja, or god-king, in a ceremony performed by Hindu high priests. This meant that his authority to rule came from a divine source and that he himself was a god living on the Earth.Jayavarman II is recognised as the founder of the Khmer Empire. During his rule, he established a new capital at Mount Kulen in north-western Cambodia. Mount Kulen was regarded as sacred and Jayavarman II ordered the construction of a three-tiered temple on the mountain. Jayavarman II appointed a high priest and ordered that only the descendants of the family of his high priest were able to become high priests in the future. While we do not have reliable written records of the actions that Jayavarman II took to expand the Khmer Empire, we do know that after his death, the extent of the empire was quite large. As Jayavarman II's power grew, he felt increasingl secure and moved his capital city from Mount Kulen to Hariharalaya, near the great inland lake, Tonle Sap.
what the text means
- the empire has different to go throw before the empire started
-they have different people before it started
questions to the text
- why wasn't the empire was there all the time
-who was the new leader of the angkor empire
option piece
my option is that why did they have to do any thing before it started and how much they have to go throw before the empire rose.